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Energy-Water Interdependence Network (EWIN) of Regional Water Supply using Nonconventional Water for Energy-Water Resilience

The focal area of this paper is energy and water interconnection. The challenges faced include the need for extra energy to treat nonconventional water (NCW) and high reginal energy intensity of water supply using NCW. Near-term opportunities are establishing energy-water interdep...

Lin, Y., and Arges, C.

Enabling Energy-Water Resilience in U.S. Data Centers: Water-Aware Grid Planning and Operations with Infrastructure-Compatible Cooling

Rapid, concentrated expansion of AI data centers is reshaping electricity demand profiles, local infrastructure requirements, and regional resource constraints. These facilities are often sized from tens to hundreds of megawatts with multi-gigawatt campus clusters. They are relati...

Zhou, Z., Wu, M., Qiu, F., Muehleisen, R., Zhao, D., Yan, E., and Worek, W.

Reliable Water Resources for Resilient Next-Generation Geothermal Energy

This white paper focuses on expanding reclaimed wastewater for geothermal water management. Challenges include rapid growth to 5 GW, rising demand for water in water-scarce regions. High volumes for drilling, stimulation, cooling, and reclaimed water infrastructure limits. High ...

Wu, M.

Circular Water-Energy Nexus for Resilient Hydrogen Production via Intelligent Seawater Electrolysis and Real-Time Sensing

This white paper addresses the DOE WPTO focal area of energy-water resilience and circular systems, aligned with the topic of water for energy and energy for water cross-optimization. It proposes a machine-learning-enabled circular water-energy platform that integrates hydrogen pr...

Chen, J., and Xiong, G.

Employing AI-Enabled Prognostics for Energy-Water Resilience

This white paper focuses on strengthening the resilience and efficiency of hydropower systems at the energy-water nexus through AI-enabled prognostics and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation. It emphasizes integrating digital intelligence with physical infrastructure to optimize...

Zhao, S., Qiu, F., and Agalgaonkar, Y.

An Energy-Water Nexus Foundation Model Ecosystem to Advance System Resiliency and Affordability

This white paper presents how an AI-driven foundation model ecosystem for hydropower and the electric grid, integrated with a large language model (LLM) agent can address the "Water for Energy" challenge and modernize coordinated planning and operations of the U.S. energy-water ne...

Kwon, J., Kim, K., Levin, T., and Botterud, A.

Forecast-Informed, Market-Responsive Conjunctive Operations for Multi-Reservoir Water-Energy Systems

The white paper, "Forecast-Informed, Market-Responsive Conjunctive Operations for Multi-Reservoir Water-Energy Systems" , addresses the water-for-energy and energy-for-water nexus by proposing a framework for co-optimizing hydropower and cascading reservoir operations alongside fl...

Pavicevic, M., Mork, E., Yu, A., Herman, J., Emmons, J., and Ploussard, Q.

A Hybrid AI-Optimization Framework for Resilient Hydropower Operations to Support Grid Stability, Extreme Weather Management, and Large-Scale Industrial Loads

This white paper supports a two-stage decision-support framework that links fast, probabilistic inflow forecasts from modern machine learning and generative AI with multistage stochastic optimization for hydropower scheduling. By propagating uncertainty from prediction into operat...

Ploussard, Q., and Feinstein, J.

A Framework for Improving Locational Marginal Price Estimates for Technoeconomic Analysis of Hydropower Investments and Operational Decisions

The focus is on improving the analytics supporting hydropower investment decisions through the more accurate characterization of the locational marginal prices (LMPs) that will define future energy payments. Enhanced analytics around LMP prediction could also be used to improve op...

Balducci, P., DeSomber, K., and Zhou, Z.