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Energy-Water Resilience through Underground Pumped Storage Hydropower (UPSH): Integrating Water Infrastructure for Enhanced Energy and Water Security

This white paper provides an overview of Underground Pumped Storage Hydropower (UPSH), a concept that addresses the intersection of water for energy and energy-water topics by utilizing subsurface formations for energy storage, leveraging excess surface water, treated wastewater, ...

Atkinson, T., Acharya, M., Russell, G., Colldeweih, R., Saulsbury, B., Reese, S., Mosier, T., and Schmidt, H.

Energy-Water-Land Frameworks for Data Center Siting and Operations

This white paper focuses on energy-water-land intersections for data center siting and operations. Challenges include rapid deployment of data centers and consequential uncertainty regarding the extent these facilities may impact or be constrained by water, land, and energy resou...

Macknick, J., Schneider, K., Barton, R., Hardikar, M., Martin, J., Struck, S., Lepley, K., Steward, D., Smith, F., Levine, A., Rivers, M., Rosenlieb, E., Gu, J., Podgorny, S., Castelao, G., and Leick, N.

Marine Energy-Seawater Intersection for Hydrogen Production

The focal area is about the energy-water intersections for high-value fuel production. The main challenge is the poor stability of anode in natural seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production, and we propose a fabrication of novel electrode overcome this challenge. The success m...

Lyu, X., and Yang, X.

AI-Enhanced Hydropower Systems: Smart Dams for a Resilient Future

This paper focuses on water-energy, using AI for smart, holistic hydropower operations to enhance water for energy resilience. The existing challenges include (a) increasing demand for water and electricity, requiring a shift to flexible, real-time hydropower operations due to ch...

Varadharajan, C., Ajami, N., Brodie, E., Ciulla, F., Falco, N., Feldman, D., Newcomer, M., Dwivedi, D., Li, Y., Nakata, R., Nakata, N., Nico, P., Williams, K., Mahoney, M., Ramakrishnan, L., and Cholia, S.

Aligning Energy, Water, and Agriculture: Near-Term Strategies for Resilience in Water-Stressed Regions

This white paper explores the intersection of energy, water, and agriculture, emphasizing the growing competition for water between irrigation and energy systems. It identifies near-term opportunities to enhance agricultural water management and electrification, while evaluating t...

Pacheco, C., and Mekonnen, M.

Accounting for Water-Energy Co-Benefits of Floating Photovoltaics (FPV)

Floating photovoltaic projects, as well as those that span over waterways (i.e. canopy), present potential technological and economic advantages over ground-mounted systems that have fueled rapid global growth in installed capacity in recent years. Aside from expanding generation,...

Fluet-Chouinard, E., Jorgensen, J., Cotter, E., Niazi, H., Wild, T., Chalishazar, V., Pracheil, B., Griffiths, N., Hansen, C., and Chowdhury, K.

A Hybrid AI-Optimization Framework for Resilient Hydropower Operations to Support Grid Stability, Extreme Weather Management, and Large-Scale Industrial Loads

This white paper supports a two-stage decision-support framework that links fast, probabilistic inflow forecasts from modern machine learning and generative AI with multistage stochastic optimization for hydropower scheduling. By propagating uncertainty from prediction into operat...

Ploussard, Q., and Feinstein, J.

Gaps Between Western U.S. Reservoir Inflows and Headwater Precipitation Timing, Amount, and Phase

Snowmelt from mountain headwater basins supplies approximately 80% of the runoff to reservoirs in the western United States (WUS), and is therefore a key component of western hydropower. Yet predicting runoff from hydrometeorological data in complex terrain (and its sensitivity to...

Rudisill, W., and Feldman, D.

Circular Water-Energy Nexus for Resilient Hydrogen Production via Intelligent Seawater Electrolysis and Real-Time Sensing

This white paper addresses the DOE WPTO focal area of energy-water resilience and circular systems, aligned with the topic of water for energy and energy for water cross-optimization. It proposes a machine-learning-enabled circular water-energy platform that integrates hydrogen pr...

Chen, J., and Xiong, G.

Hardening Forested Watersheds to Wildfire to Enhance Downstream Water Quality for Critical Energy Infrastructure

This white paper focuses on water-for-energy stability, emphasizing the risks to energy infrastructure from water quality impacts due to severely burned forested watersheds. The primary challenge is that energy production in the U.S. is vulnerable to surface water quality, with hi...

Crockett, J., and Krofcheck, D.

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