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Process Design and Optimization for Wastewater Treatment Efficiency and Resilience

This white paper explores the benefits of using digital twins and mathematical programming techniques to optimize energy consumption in wastewater treatment processes, thereby enhancing resilience and efficiency. Key challenges faced by current facilities include high energy consu...

Rawlings, E., Klise, K., and Gunter, D.

Co-Development Opportunities Between Hydropower and Municipal Water and Wastewater Infrastructures

This white paper outlines opportunities to modernize U.S. water-energy infrastructure through co-development of hydropower with municipal water and wastewater systems. It highlights the untapped potential of integrating hydropower generation into new and existing water supply proj...

Chu, A., and DeNeale, S.

Operational Flexibility for Integrated Energy-Water Resilience

This white paper focuses on advancing operational flexibility as a pathway to integrated energy-water resilience. It addresses the persistent fragmentation between water and energy systems, where separate regulatory, operational, and investment frameworks limit co-optimization and...

Jackson, N., and Rao, N.

Mitigating Wildfire-Driven Hydrological Impacts on Energy Generation

Following a wildfire, increased sedimentation and altered flow regimes can disrupt water quantity and quality for years, impacting water users (e.g., municipal, industrial, agricultural) and undermining energy reliability, efficiency, and infrastructure longevity. Upstream restora...

Catalano, A., Ferencz, S., Michaels, R., and Hester, E.

Unlocking Hydropower Potential from Environmental Flows for Energy-Water Resilience

This white paper examines how mandated environmental flow (E-flow) releases at hydropower dams can be leveraged to generate renewable energy while maintaining ecological integrity. Environmental flows sustain aquatic ecosystems but often bypass turbines, representing lost generati...

DeNeale, S., Connor, M., and McManamay, R.

Water System Modernization using Advanced and Resilient Technologies (WaterSMART)

This white paper presents a comprehensive vision for modernizing U.S. water and water-energy infrastructure through advanced, resilient, and energy-integrated technologies. It highlights the pressing challenges posed by aging treatment plants, distribution systems, and stormwater ...

DeNeale, S., Chavez, L., and Chu, A.

Accounting for Water-Energy Co-Benefits of Floating Photovoltaics (FPV)

Floating photovoltaic projects, as well as those that span over waterways (i.e. canopy), present potential technological and economic advantages over ground-mounted systems that have fueled rapid global growth in installed capacity in recent years. Aside from expanding generation,...

Fluet-Chouinard, E., Jorgensen, J., Cotter, E., Niazi, H., Wild, T., Chalishazar, V., Pracheil, B., Griffiths, N., Hansen, C., and Chowdhury, K.

Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Water Sources and Impacts on Water and Wastewater Treatment

This white paper examines the critical issue of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in water systems, emphasizing the need for advanced water reuse and reclamation technologies to mitigate water scarcity, particularly in arid and remote regions. These contaminants, which inclu...

Saulsbury, B., Reese, S., and Mathews, T.

Enabling Energy-Water Resilience in U.S. Data Centers: Water-Aware Grid Planning and Operations with Infrastructure-Compatible Cooling

Rapid, concentrated expansion of AI data centers is reshaping electricity demand profiles, local infrastructure requirements, and regional resource constraints. These facilities are often sized from tens to hundreds of megawatts with multi-gigawatt campus clusters. They are relati...

Zhou, Z., Wu, M., Qiu, F., Muehleisen, R., Zhao, D., Yan, E., and Worek, W.

Water for Baseload Power-A Revamp of the Nation's Nuclear Water Use Data

Providing approximately 20% of total U.S. electricity generation each year from a fleet of only 54 plants (94 reactors) nationwide, the nuclear sector is characterized by large and locally impactful power generating facilities. About half of existing reactors rely on once-through ...

Turner, S., Siddik, M., Montgomery, C., and Marston, L.

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