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Standardized Siting and Risk Analysis Decision Support Mechanisms for Water-Intensive Industries

This paper focuses on water for cooling industrial energy generation loads and energy and water for cooling large process loads. A challenge is that siting any large facility with substantial water demands without understanding baseline conditions and assessing potential multi-sec...

Fuchs, H., Karki, U., Stokes-Draut, J., Rao, P., Varadharajan, C., Hodson, A., Ajami, N., and Shehabi, A.

Enabling Energy-Water Resilience in U.S. Data Centers: Water-Aware Grid Planning and Operations with Infrastructure-Compatible Cooling

Rapid, concentrated expansion of AI data centers is reshaping electricity demand profiles, local infrastructure requirements, and regional resource constraints. These facilities are often sized from tens to hundreds of megawatts with multi-gigawatt campus clusters. They are relati...

Zhou, Z., Wu, M., Qiu, F., Muehleisen, R., Zhao, D., Yan, E., and Worek, W.

Water-Energy Resiliency for Agricultural Systems

This white paper focuses on energy-water implications of agricultural water supply needs and nutrient management. Challenges include agricultural water use and consumption, energy-water relationships in agriculture, and water quality impacts on drinking water and surface water. ...

Steward, D., and Leick, N.

Energy-Water-Land Frameworks for Data Center Siting and Operations

This white paper focuses on energy-water-land intersections for data center siting and operations. Challenges include rapid deployment of data centers and consequential uncertainty regarding the extent these facilities may impact or be constrained by water, land, and energy resou...

Macknick, J., Schneider, K., Barton, R., Hardikar, M., Martin, J., Struck, S., Lepley, K., Steward, D., Smith, F., Levine, A., Rivers, M., Rosenlieb, E., Gu, J., Podgorny, S., Castelao, G., and Leick, N.

Energy-Efficient Water Management Using Geo-AI for Evapotranspiration and Crop Risk Analysis

This white paper outlines a strategy for enhancing energy-efficient water management in agriculture through the application of Geospatial Artificial Intelligence (GeoAI). The focus is on developing a Dynamic Irrigation Window Scheduling (DIWS) system that optimizes irrigation base...

Cafferty, K., and Pacheco, C.

A National Framework for Water-Informed Geothermal Expansion and Energy-Water Resilience

This white paper outlines the need for a coordinated, national framework to guide geothermal energy expansion in ways that use water efficiently and strengthen energy-water resilience. It highlights the opportunity to connect national-to-regional modeling with site-scale analysis,...

Wild, T., Niazi, H., DiRaddo, S., Villante, M., Goecker, A., and Chowdhury, K.

Monitoring, Planning, and Management of Water Quality and Quantity for Resilient Water and Energy Systems

Both resilient systems where water is used for energy production and energy is used for treatment and operation depend not only on the quantity of water, but also quality and environmental health. Addressing gaps in environmental health and infrastructure condition/capability data...

Hansen, C., DeRolph, C., Allen-Dumas, M., Griffiths, N., Matson, P., Pilla, R., Siddik, A., Stevenson, L., and Johnson, R.

Aligning Bytes with Basins to Promote Data Center Growth in the U.S.

This white paper examines the water-energy tradeoffs of U.S. data-center expansion, highlighting how cooling choices, power sourcing, and siting decisions shape local water security, grid resilience, and watershed sustainability. The study focuses on integrating direct (on-site po...

Siddik, M., Turner, S., and Chinthavali, S.

Co-Development Opportunities Between Hydropower and Municipal Water and Wastewater Infrastructures

This white paper outlines opportunities to modernize U.S. water-energy infrastructure through co-development of hydropower with municipal water and wastewater systems. It highlights the untapped potential of integrating hydropower generation into new and existing water supply proj...

Chu, A., and DeNeale, S.

Hydrotwin: an AI-based physics and optimization framework for improved water resource resilience in systems experiencing adverse events

This white paper focuses on water for energy. As we move ahead into an uncertain future for water resource demand and supply, a massive challenge exists to optimize water systems to be resilient to a range of press/pulse extreme event states and conditions. Optimal decision-makin...

Bennett, K., Schwenk, J., and Garcia, M.

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